Su Yalıtım Malzemeleri Nelerdir | Uygulama ve Yöntemleri What are Waterproofing Materials | Application and Methods What are the waterproofing materials; these materials should be selected according to several criteria. The materials chosen should be appropriate for the amount of foot traffic the area receives. If the area is a high pedestrian traffic area such as a commercial or industrial building, you should make sure to choose the most durable waterproofing materials. Which is the best waterproofing material; they vary according to their usage areas. The material, which is described as the best waterproofing material, may not perform correctly in every region where it will be applied. For this reason, suitable waterproofing material should be selected for its area. Well, if we ask “what are the best waterproofing materials” suitable for the area, there are different waterproofing systems for each region. It is necessary to correctly analyze which material will be used according to the field, and for this, it is necessary to know the technical properties of the material to be used. Waterproofing materials vary according to the type of surface to be applied. Some generally waterproof surfaces include wood, concrete and brick. Depending on the material type, various applications may be required to maintain the thickness and durability of the material. You should also make sure you choose a cover that is safe for your family and pets. If waterproofing will be done inside your house, non-toxic, environmentally friendly waterproofing formula should be preferred. The continuation of the article includes topics such as “environmentally friendly waterproofing applications, what are the positive and negative waterproofing materials, which is the best waterproofing material”.

Waterproofing Methods

Type A waterproofing protection is defined as a barrier and is applied externally, bonded internally or sandwiched between two structural members. Type A barriers are usually applied in advance, ie before the concrete is placed. Type A barriers can also be bonded membranes, liquid applied coatings or cementitious waterproofing materials. A common material for Type A waterproofing is a waterproofing primer covering a layer of bentonite clay. This self-healing membrane will stop the trail of groundwater between the membrane and the structure. It will also adhere to the fresh concrete when applied before the concrete is placed. This means that there is a permanent mechanical bond between the membrane and the concrete, which is necessary where clay soil is a problem. Type B waterproofing protection is provided by the waterproofing materials used in the design of the structure or the construction of the structure itself. Type B protection is achieved by building with Hydro Concrete, a hydrophobic pore blocker, concrete admixture. This will provide a water resistant concrete. It is important to remember that any joint or joint will always be the weakest points and therefore the points most susceptible to allowing water ingress. Type C waterproofing protection is sometimes referred to as a water management system and is a form of protection that is always applied from the negative side, ie the interior of the structure. Typically, type C protection is achieved using a drainage membrane that creates a gap between the wall and the membrane, allowing any water inlet to find its way to a sump pump and transfer it to a drain. This system includes hydrochannel and sump pumps, which are specially used to move water from the basement to the drains, usually.

What are Waterproofing Materials According to Application Areas

1. Cement Based Waterproofing MaterialÇimento Esaslı Su Yalıtım Malzemesi / Cement Based Waterproofing Material

The construction of cement-based waterproofing is considered a trouble-free waterproofing method. It is very easy to mix and use materials for cement-based waterproofing. This method is often preferred for interior wet areas such as bathrooms and toilets. This system is a two-component mix typically used behind tile, on wall patches, and on concrete surfaces. These top and bottom grade waterproofing materials have good bonding on concrete and masonry surfaces due to their cementitious nature and hence their strong adhesive strength. The polymer modifier contributes to the flexibility properties. Application Areas:
  • Indoor and Outdoor Areas
  • Wet areas
  • Retaining Walls
  • Water Tanks and Swimming Pools
  • Elevator Pits
  • Metro Stations
  • Tunnels

2. Crystallized Waterproofing Material Kristalize Su Yalıtım Malzemesi / Crystallized Waterproofing Material

Crystallized waterproofing is a capillary waterproofing formulation of proprietary chemicals, quartz sand and cement mixtures. The chemicals contained in crystalline waterproofing materials require the presence of moisture from the matrix of concrete to initiate a chemical reaction. These chemicals form chain complexes that crystallize and penetrate deeply into the capillaries of the concrete, eliminating the passage of water. Application Areas:
  • Wet areas
  • Water Tanks
  • Elevator Spaces
  • Subway Tunnels
  • Underground Cellars
  • Basement Floors
  • Retaining and foundation curtain walls

3. Bitumen Rubber Based Waterproofing Material Bitüm Kauçuk Esaslı Su Yalıtım Malzemesi / Bitumen Rubber Based Waterproofing Material

Liquid rubber bitumen liquid membranes is a polymer-modified bitumen-rubber emulsion. Bitumen-polymer mixture / liquid rubber coating has traditionally been offered on the market as a waterproof waterproofing coating. Recently, the liquid rubber coating has been further developed and can now be used for excellent sealing on a variety of surfaces. The differences in coatings are mainly in the viscosity and basis of the variant (natural base (latex) or artificial base (silicones)). It is designed to be environmentally friendly and to provide excellent waterproofing for roof structures. The unique properties of the coating are that it is effective, easy to apply and cost effective. Liquid rubber coating is a widely used product for special purposes. There is no doubt: it is a very reliable sealing and coating material that can be applied even on damp surfaces. This also makes it a great solution for large or industrial projects. Application Areas:
  • Retaining Walls, Basements and Basement Walls
  • Flower Pots, Garden Beds, Landscape Areas
  • Water Tanks (galvanized, suitable for metal tanks)
  • Gutter, Roof and Membrane Repairs
  • Rust Prevention and Timber Rot Protection

4. Acrylic Liquid Membrane Waterproofing Material Akrilik Likit Membran Su Yalıtım Malzemesi | Acrylic Liquid Membrane Waterproofing Material

Water-based acrylic waterproofing materials produced with modern technologies are simple and ready to use. They form an effective barrier against water and moisture to protect roofs, terraces and balconies from leaks and the negative effects of UV rays. The waterproofing industries have changed significantly since the industry developed acrylic waterproofing materials. In general, waterproofing companies immediately adopted and implemented these solutions, which simplifies the process and at the same time guarantees accurate and effective waterproofing with no waste of material. It also allowed for unexpectedly easy cleaning of work sites, and most importantly, for safety issues, the transport and use of gas tanks to burn conventional bituminous membrane is no longer necessary. Acrylic liquid waterproofing membrane is available in liquid form and is applied to the concrete surface with a brush or roller, forming a thick, jointless membrane in contact with air. It offers more flexibility than cementitious waterproofing types. The liquid turns into an elastic coating on the wall. The elongation properties of the coating can be up to 280%. The durability of the coating depends on what kind of polymer is used in the manufacture of the liquid waterproofing material. Application Areas:
  • Roofs and Terraces
  • Sub-Foundation Structures
  • Basements
  • Catwalks
  • Bridge Decks
  • Tank Liner
  • Wet areas

5. Bituminous Membrane Waterproofing Bitümlü Membran Su Yalıtımı | Bituminous Membrane Waterproofing

As a long-lasting waterproofing solution, bitumen waterproofing membrane is applied in a dry area using bitumen-based sheets. These are then rolled down to cover the roof or wall while being melted to the surface by a torch. Bituminous membrane is non-toxic, but requires precision and skill, especially in the areas where the joints meet. By spreading the descending layers of the bituminous membrane evenly, a coating surface resistant to adverse weather conditions is gained.

Bituminous Membrane Waterproofing is known for their long service life, reliability and exceptional waterproofing. The two main polymer modified bitumen membranes on the market are SBS and APP membranes. SBS Membranes; It is made with bitumen modified with elastic Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) polymers to create a “rubberized” asphalt pavement. The coating is applied to a glass fiber reinforcement carrier for high tensile strength, polyester or a composite of the two for superior elongation and tear strength. SBS membranes offer excellent flexibility, especially in cold weather. SBS membranes are self-adhesive but are usually bonded with asphalt or cold glue. APP Membranes; The plastic is made with bitumen modified with Atactic Polypropylene (APP) polymers. This results in a coating with the highest temperature range and increased durability and toughness. The coating is usually applied over a polyester carrier mat, but a small amount of fiberglass products are also available. APP membranes are applied with torch mainly because the plasticized bitumen is fusible. Application Areas:
  • Retaining walls, basements and underground structures
  • Flat roofs under protective layers
  • Underground car parks
  • Bridges
  • Raft flooring and foundations

6. Polyurethane-Injection Waterproofing Poliüretan-Enjeksiyon su yalıtımı | Polyurethane-Injection Waterproofing

Injection is a waterproofing technique that uses expanded, injected polyurethane to prevent water from flowing through it, typically using voids or cracks in the concrete. This is particularly effective in solving water leak problems when applied below the leak area or on the subfloor ceiling where the leak is occurring. After the polyurethane injection goes through a water-expansion process, any cracks filled will have a mixture of water and polymer foam type polyurethane mortar. The mixture will then expand until there is no room to fill, successfully closing the paths where water enters the material. A hole will need to be drilled in the lower part of the ceiling first to allow the polyurethane foam to be injected using a pressure machine. The pressure causes the polyurethane to rise into cracks or voids from water damage, which fills completely when it expands. Polyurethane injection is a recommended method for actively leaking cases involving concrete slabs. Application Areas:
  • Wet areas including toilets, showers and kitchens Concrete, tile or metal roofs Balconies and terraces Basements, foundations and retaining walls Water Tanks

7. Epoxy Floor Coatings Epoksi Zemin Kaplama | Epoxy Floor Coatings

Epoxy floors are water resistant, stain resistant and can withstand contact with corrosive chemicals. This makes the epoxy an excellent choice for high-traffic areas such as residences, bedrooms, bathrooms, garages and basements, commercial showrooms and warehouses. Epoxy floor coatings can be cleaned quickly and easily with a mop and a mild cleaning solution, making it a maintenance-free flooring option.. Epoxy floor coatings also form a very costly seal to repair, which can prevent damage to the underlying concrete. Epoxy floor coatings create a scratch resistant surface that can withstand 7-20+ years of tough use. Also, epoxy is fire resistant, which is one of the reasons it is often used in industrial buildings.. Epoxy floors are free of any joints, wrinkles or pores for dirt and bacteria to get into. As a result, pathogens and other microscopic organisms are less likely to spread in an epoxy-based environment. Because epoxy creates an even surface, there’s no need to remove grout or dirt settling between the seams as with tile, wood, and vinyl floors. This makes it an excellent choice for both commercial and residential use. The gloss of the epoxy floor creates a high-end surface that can be customized to suit a variety of styles and applications. Epoxy is available in a variety of colors to suit any design requirement. It can also be used to create a marble effect or combine with vinyl flakes for a mottled effect. Because there are so many design possibilities, epoxy is a great choice for homeowners and businesses. Application Areas:
  • White Goods Coating Applications
  • Steel Corrosion Resistant Coatings
  • Metal Box and Container Coating
  • Flooring Applications
  • Car park
  • Hotels
  • Industrial Floors
  • Hospitals
  • Production Facilities
  • Aircraft Hangars

8. Polyurethane Liquid Membrane Waterproofing Material Poliüretan Su Yalıtımı | Polyurethane Liquid Membrane Waterproofing Material

Polyurethane Liquid Membrane Waterproofing Materials are formulated using monomers such as polyether polyol and isocyanate. This waterproof coating is applied to the horizontal surface to make it moisture resistant. The treated surface tends to react chemically with the moisture in the air to produce elastomeric rubber-based water-resistant membranes. The waterproofing system of the polyurethane liquid membrane is used in the flat roof area and has a wide opening against weather conditions. Polyurethane liquid membrane waterproofing system is quite costly compared to another waterproofing system. However, this is the best waterproofing material in the industry. Higher durability can be achieved with the polyurethane liquid membrane. Polyurethane is very sensitive to moisture content. Therefore, the moisture content of the concrete slab should be evaluated very carefully before application. Otherwise, the membranes may peel or loosen after a while. Application Areas:
  • Roofs, Terraces and Balconies
  • Water Tanks, Ornamental Pools and Swimming Pools
  • Bridges
  • Parking Areas
  • Concrete Structures
  • Decks

9. Polyurea Spray Coating Polyurea Sprey Kaplama | Polyurea Spray Coating

Polyurea is the latest advancement in coating technology providing the best in the world. Its extreme durability is 20 times stronger than some epoxy coatings. Polyurea does not crack or peel. It is highly resistant to salt, oil, fuel and other harsh chemicals. It is 98% more flexible than epoxy, allowing natural concrete movement. It has been used for over 25 years in industrial applications such as pipe/pipeline linings, tank linings, water treatment plants, sewer linings and automotive moldings. It cures in 5-15 seconds and must be sprayed for proper installation. Such coatings were originally developed and used in the early 1990s. Polyurea forms a very strong bond with concrete due to its chemical structure. It has the ability to expand and contract with the change in surface and the temperature of the underlying ground. This means no chips, cracks or hot rubber buildup. Hot tire buildup occurs when a car’s tires are hot from driving; heat and pressure from tires can melt or peel paint or coating, separating it from the floor. However, Polyurea is a “hard” surface that is highly resistant to abrasion. It retains its color and does not fade or turn yellow when exposed to direct sunlight. Polyurea Coating can be applied at temperatures such as 4 °C ~ 49 °C. This is important because most waterproofing applications are not performed in a climate-controlled environment, providing greater flexibility in deciding when to install the coating. Polyurea cures much faster than other polymer-based coatings. Typically suitable for foot traffic on the ground 4-8 hours after installation and for heavy vehicle traffic 24 hours after installation. Application Areas:
  • Roofs and Terraces
  • Landscape Areas
  • Pipeline Coatings
  • Tank Paints and Coatings
  • Floors and Walls
  • Structural Steel
  • Automotive Mold Parts
  • Bridge Covering

Waterproofing Application Areas

1. Wet Areas Waterproofing Islak Hacim Su Yalıtımı | Wet Areas Waterproofing

Waterproofing wet areas such as toilets, bathrooms, kitchens and balconies is critical due to the constant use of water. Leakage points are weak areas such as wall joints, joints between cisterns and pipes, and faulty pipe materials that corrode. If moisture spreads from the floor or walls to the concrete, it can cause extensive damage to the reinforcement embedded in the concrete. It is therefore important to have an impermeable barrier over the concrete to prevent the spread of moisture.

Specially designed systems are available for any wet area: bathrooms, kitchens or toilets. These are acrylic-based elastomeric waterproofing materials that protect wet areas from constantly occurring water leaks..

2. Terrace Waterproofing Teras Su Yalıtımı | Terrace Waterproofing

Terrace waterproofing requires adequate protection of the concrete substrate and provision of a sloped surface for effective drainage of water. The waterproofing cover should also protect the parapet walls.

Highly durable polyurethane liquid membrane waterproofing materials, with high sustainability in all climatic conditions, high resistance to long-term weather conditions, including the negative effects of pedestrian traffic and UV rays, are frequently preferred systems in terrace structures and are the best waterproofing material.

3. Roof Waterproofing Çatı Yalıtımı | Çatılarda Su Yalıtım Malzemeleri Nelerdir / Roof Waterproofing | What are Waterproofing Materials on Roofs

The waterproofing materials to be used on the roofs may vary according to the structure of the roof. When looking at ways to waterproof a concrete roof, waterproofing sheet membranes are considered the most important aspect of the roofing system because they are key to keeping water out of the building. There are different types of roof membrane systems on the market. That’s why it’s important to choose the right system for you and your construction needs and understand the differences..

4. Basement Waterproofing Bodrum Su Yalıtımı | Sızıntının Nedenleri / Basement Waterproofing | Causes of the Leak

Positive: Positive side waterproofing is performed on the retaining wall face that is in direct contact with the water source. It is the most effective waterproofing solution as it is designed to block the initial ingress of water and thus prevent further leakage. PVC Membrane is a compact system that protects the structure from all sides. It acts as a barrier to groundwater and the highly elastic waterproof coating protects the retaining wall and creates a waterproof cover that protects the entire infrastructure. Negative: Negative side waterproofing is carried out from the inside of the building, that is, on the retaining wall face that is not in contact with the water source. One of the biggest advantages of this type of waterproofing is its accessibility, since any repairs and upgrades can be easily installed for post-construction waterproofing system. It is not necessary to remove and replace the surrounding soil.

5. Basic Curtain Wall Waterproofing Temel Perde Duvar Su Yalıtımı | Temel Yapılarda Su Yalıtım Malzemeleri Nelerdir / Basic Curtain Wall Waterproofing | What are the Waterproofing Materials in Basic Buildings

Waterproofing of curtain walls is essential to maintaining the safety, comfort and thermal performance of the building and its occupants. Although rain presents the greatest challenges to the waterproofing professional, especially as it is driven by wind, other factors such as condensation must also be taken into account. Gravity, kinetic energy, air pressure differences, surface tension, and capillary action work as a mediator for water entry into buildings. This section discusses the natural forces acting on a curtain wall and some of the solutions various systems use to maintain the waterproof integrity of the building. Underground and foundation curtain wall waterproofing should be done at once according to the project details. The main principle of foundation and underground waterproofing applications is drainage insulation systems. Drainage can minimize water leaks and provide a dry surface during application. However, an important point; The main task of drainage in basic waterproofing systems is to minimize the pressure of the water. With bitumen-based waterproofing materials and bituminous membrane waterproofing membranes, waterproofing should be provided on the foundation curtains. If there are bundling membranes coming from the foundation structure, they must be combined with curtain waterproofing. Bitumen-based waterproofing materials should be preferred in curtain insulation since they do not have any joints and do not leave any gaps between them and the concrete. Bitumen-based waterproofing materials are extremely resistant to alkalis in the soil. After the waterproofing process is completed, XPS thermal insulation foam (Extruded Polystyrene) and drainage board should be used as a protective layer in order to protect the excavation from damage.

6. Exterior Waterproofing Dış Cephe Su Yalıtımı / Exterior Waterproofing

Masonry surfaces, such as exterior walls, are among the largest surface areas exposed to weather conditions such as rain, dust, UV rays and fungus. Waterproofing (tightness) of exterior walls is usually achieved by adequate water thickness, waterproofing, proper design of construction joints, surface treatment and surfaces acting as a barrier against water ingress. If exterior walls are not waterproof, it can result in damp walls that are perfect breeding grounds for invading mold and moisture. This damages the walls and causes health problems for the building occupants. The coating should combine the features of efficient waterproofing and aesthetics. Acrylic-based waterproofing materials that protect against UV radiation and also work as an elastomeric waterproofing coating are suitable for exterior walls.

7. Waterproofing of Landscape Areas Peyzaj Alanları Su Yalıtımı | Waterproofing of Landscape Areas

Landscaped areas need waterproofing systems that are ‘anti-root’ thus preventing the roots of plants from penetrating the concrete surface.

Bitumen based waterproofing materials have root resistant properties and are well suited for landscaped areas.

8. Insulation of Water Tanks Su Deposu Yalıtımı / Insulation of Water Tanks

The average life of a concrete water tank is 10 to 15 years. Meanwhile, the interior concrete walls must withstand varying degrees of constant hydrostatic pressure. It can also come into contact with chlorine and other chemicals that soften their surfaces. Areas of concern include: cold joints, penetrations, shrinkage cracks, and leak-causing gaps. While crystalline waterproofing materials act as a strong barrier against the effect of constant chlorinated water pressure, epoxy coatings provide water portability.

Havuz Su Yalıtımı / Mozaik Karo | Swimming Pools Insulation / Mosaic Tile9. Swimming Pools Insulation

Swimming pools are a popular recreational option these days. However, they need to be well maintained to prevent leaks. Factors that can cause leaks include:

  1. Shrinkage cracks formed during the concrete curing process
  2. Lack of waterproofing barriers between the pool water and the concrete wall
  3. Cracks in joints (filled with cementitious grouts) over time
  4. Faults in plumbing and suction lines
  5. Honeycomb formation weakening the structure during the concreting process
We offer double protection system with crystal armor for walls, floors and construction joints. Weak areas such as construction joints and cracks are again covered with an additional layer of high elastomeric acrylic coating.