Isı Yalıtımı / Thermal Insulation

The processes carried out to reduce heat losses in cold climate conditions and heat gains in summer months are called thermal insulation.

Thermal insulation is the applications made to prevent the heat and cold coming from outside to the buildings. Thermal insulation (sheathing), which is the basic requirement of buildings, protects the existing heat in your building and provides heat savings. It keeps the inside of the building warm in winter and cool in summer. It does not take the heat out, it protects against the cold coming from outside. It saves economically. It offers a healthy and comfortable life. It protects the building against external factors.

The obligation to obtain an “Energy Identity Certificate”, which was brought for buildings in the process of harmonization with the European Union, has been put into practice as of July 1, 2015. This made it compulsory for buildings built before 2011 to insulate.

The transfer of heat energy from one substance to another can occur in any of three ways, usually “conduction, convection, and radiation”. It normally acts as an insulating barrier to prevent the transfer of heat energy by any of these effects. It is a method of preventing heat from escaping or entering a container. In other words, it can keep an enclosed space such as a building warm, or it can keep the inside of a container cold. It is mainly used for insulation of buildings or structural elements.

Most of the buildings where we live, work and spend our free time were built years ago when thermal insulation was not really taken into account in terms of energy savings. The lack of proper insulation wastes energy and makes it very difficult and costly to cool or heat these buildings. However, with the continuous development of new technologies, many new ways to increase energy efficiency in buildings have emerged.

Benefits of Thermal Insulation (Sheathing)

Thermal insulation is used in many countries in order to save energy in buildings. When buildings and houses are properly insulated:

  • In this system, which is generally applied to houses, thermal insulation aims to reduce the effects of sound, cold and heat.
  • Energy efficiency will increase and financial savings will be achieved. Thermal insulation, which is important not only for energy savings, but also for health, increases our quality of life.
  • When thermal insulation is made, no effort or cost is required to maintain the desired air temperature. It is permanent and rarely requires maintenance.
  • Insulation materials, which are often preferred in new modern homes, aim at insulation intensively. Insulation is a way to stay up-to-date for a long time and is not a permanent problem.
  • Quality of life increases. Temperature values remain the same throughout the building.
  • Thermal insulation also provides sound insulation. Sound insulation is also a type of insulation. The main purpose of insulation is to prevent the flow of cold air between the materials.
  • It also indirectly contributes to the environment through the reduction of the fuel used.
  • Thermal insulation protection is an easy and economical way to reduce heating and cooling costs, energy consumption and environmental protection. The better the insulated house is insulated, the more energy savings can be achieved for the use of insulating materials, it maintains a constant temperature inside and does not allow the impact of various climatic changes that may occur suddenly.
  • Buildings are the largest energy consumers, using 40% of total energy more than necessary in transport (32%) and industry (28%). Insulating buildings can reduce energy consumption and costs.
  • Any building can consume less power if isolated. Insulation materials are easy to install and are durable for the life of the building without the need for maintenance.
  • The secret to quality thermal insulation material insulation consists in finding the most suitable one for each type of application. Choosing the right product and especially the thickness of the insulation should not only ensure high energy efficiency and a pleasant indoor climate, hygienic environment and high comfort in buildings.
  • Insulation outer walls are obtained by coating polystyrene plates of different thicknesses, covered with gypsum mortar.
  • It provides an average of 42% savings in the high natural gas bills paid for heating in cold climate conditions, allowing better heating in winter.
  • Sheathing prevents the formation of perspiration, humidity, fungus and mold in the apartments.
  • It prevents corrosion of the beams and columns that make up the skeleton of your building and the iron reinforcements inside the walls surrounding your building, and protects your building against natural disasters (earthquake, etc.).
  • Since it regulates the temperature of the building, it has many advantages in terms of healthy and comfortable living.
  • The costs incurred for thermal insulation compensate for itself within 2-5 years with the energy savings.
  • It provides protection of facades against external factors. In this way, buildings remain intact for many years.
  • It prevents the sun from entering the building in summer.
  • When you make exterior thermal insulation, you use less fuel. This is also beneficial for the environment in terms of global warming.
  • It is also beneficial for sound insulation as it prevents outside noise.

Get Thermal Insulation, Reduce Your Natural Gas Bill

We can also call thermal insulation “energy saving systems”. In order for the natural gas bills, which rise in parallel with the increasing cold weather in the winter season, not to strain the budget, energy must be used efficiently. The most important way to use energy efficiently is through thermal insulation.

Positive contributions can be made to the household and national economy by saving energy in newly designed old buildings that are under construction or that are actively used. It is known that a significant part of the energy consumed in buildings in cold weather is used for heating our buildings. It is possible to provide optimum benefit by minimizing the amount of energy consumed by thermal insulation.

On the windows, which are one of the most important elements of thermal insulation, thermal insulation is provided by using specially coated insulating glass units and insulated joinery.

Thermal insulation, the cost of the building during construction, is between 2% and 5% of the cost of the building. In a heat-insulated building under construction; Since low-capacity air conditioners, small radiators, boilers and installations will be used, the initial investment costs are reduced as well as operating costs. With thermal insulation, it is possible to live in cooler places in summers and warmer places in winters.

Energy Efficiency and Energy Saving

Thanks to the thermal insulation applied to your building, you can use the required energy more efficiently and effectively without limiting the comfort of your life. Therefore, you minimize wasted energy and use energy resources more efficiently.

Thermal insulation applications that provide energy efficiency can be considered as an additional cost for the initial investments of the projects. However, significant economic gains are obtained when the rate of return is calculated.

When applied correctly, thermal insulation reduces the energy costs of your building by 50% on average, provides more heating with less energy consumption in winter and prevents excessive heat in your living spaces in summer.

What are Thermal Insulation Materials

Thermal insulation materials are specially designed to reduce heat flow by limiting heat conduction, convection and radiation. During development and quality control, the extent to which thermal insulation materials meet performance expectations is constantly examined. There is a wide variety of instruments for the characterization of thermal conductivity and other properties of insulating materials.

A heat flow meter (HFM) or shielded hot plate (GHP) is normally used to analyze insulations based on their heat transfer behavior. These standardized measurement methods directly give the thermal conductivity of insulating materials or the thermal resistance of multilayer systems.

Using other thermoanalytical measurement techniques, the thermal stability or composition of insulating materials can be investigated. The hardening behavior of organic binders used in insulating materials can also be characterized by DEA (Dielectric Analysis).

The thermal insulation materials and standards used in buildings and installations are as follows.

  • Glass wool
  • Rock wool
  • Expanded Polystyrene (EPS)
  • Extruded Polystyrene (XPS)
  • Polyurethane
  • Phenol Foam
  • Glass Foam
  • Wood Fiber Boards
  • Expanded Perlite
  • Expanded MushroomIsı Yalıtımı Nasıl Yapılır

Heat in a building structure is mainly transmitted through roofs, exposed walls and windows, doors, fans, etc. It is transmitted through open wall openings, and accordingly the generally adopted thermal insulation methods are as follows:

  1. Methods of thermal insulation of roofs
  2. Methods of thermal insulation of open walls
  3. Insulation methods of windows, doors and fans

Thermal Insulation Methods on Roofs

  • The described thermal insulation materials are applied externally to roofs. In the case of external application, thermal insulation materials can only be installed on the roof under a waterproof track. In the case of internal application, thermal insulation materials can be fixed from inside the room, under the roofs, with adhesives or in another way.
  • Suspended ceiling of insulating materials can be provided under the roof with air gaps between them.
  • Glossy and reflective insulation materials can be installed or laid on top of the roof.
  • An airport can be created above flat roofs by placing layers of asbestos cement or corrugated galvanized iron over the bricks.
  • Flat roofs can be kept cool with submerged water by storing them or spraying them regularly. This helps to significantly reduce the outside temperature. In such cases, water loss due to evaporation can be compensated by making compensation arrangements.
  • Proper shading of the roof on exposed surfaces also reduces surface temperature.

Thermal Insulation Methods of Open Walls

  • The thickness of the walls can be increased depending on the degree of insulation obtained.
  • Hollow wall or cavity wall construction can be adopted.
  • The walls can be made of suitable thermal insulation materials, provided that the structural requirements are met.
  • Different types of thermal insulation materials can be installed or fixed inside and outside the open wall to reduce thermal transmittance to desired limits. In case of external application, general waterproofing should be applied.
  • For partition walls, an air gap can be created by fixing the sheathing on both sides of the walls of solid boards or battens.

Thermo Active Building Systems

This technology is an embedded water-based surface heating and cooling system in which the pipe is embedded in the central concrete core of a building. With this, we can reduce energy costs and cooling system components by using the heat power of the day, which is absorbed by the water and explodes during the night. exploited in hot weather during the day. With this system, we need less cooling or heating capacity, reducing and delaying the impact of outside weather conditions.

This reduction is possible with great thermal insulation (including triple glass windows), joinery lacquer with wood break and a mechanical ventilation system that uses heat exchangers to recover heat from the regenerated air. Therefore, this great insulation allows passive house buildings to absorb a lot of heat from people and the sun. There is great potential and many different companies in the construction of a building.

As a result, as shown, energy efficiency is constantly evolving and developing, and these four technologies will certainly contribute to furthering this trend.

Energy efficiency is one of the main engineering challenges we face right now. Do you think you can solve it?